For this 57-story high-rise structure in downtown Cleveland, the engineer
specified a concrete with a compressive strength of 83 MPa and a modulus of
elasticity of 47 GPa. This very high modulus was necessary to stiffen the
structure against sway caused by wind from nearby Lake Erie. The high
modulus was achieved using local aggregates in a concrete with an average
compressive strength at 56 days over 104 MPa.
The concrete for this structure contained a combination of portland cement,
blast furnace slag, and silica fume. The water-cementitious materials ratio
was 0.24. A combination of chemical admixtures was used to produce a minimum
slump of 250 mm.
The Silica Fume Association
38860 Sierra Lane, Lovettsville, VA 20180
Tel: 540.257.4224 Fax: 540.822.9456
